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ACC oxidase (ACO) is one of the key enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of ethylene. Ethylene is involved in salt stress response in plants, and salt stress seriously affects the yield of peanut. In this study, AhACO genes were cloned and their functions were investigated with the aim to explore the biological function of AhACOs in salt stress response, and to provide genetic resources for the breeding of salt-tolerant varieties of peanut. AhACO1 and AhACO2 were amplified from the cDNA of salt-tolerant peanut mutant M29, respectively, and cloned into the plant expression vector pCAMBIA super1300. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Huayu22 by pollen tube injection mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. After harvest, the small slice cotyledon was separated from the kernel, and the positive seeds were screened by PCR. The expression of AhACO genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR, and the ethylene release was detected by capillary column gas chromatography. Transgenic seeds were sowed and then irrigated with NaCl solution, and the phenotypic changes of 21-day-seedings were recorded. The results showed that the growth of transgenic plants were better than that of the control group Huayu 22 upon salt stress, and the relative content of chlorophyll SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of transgenic peanuts were higher than those of the control group. In addition, the ethylene production of AhACO1 and AhACO2 transgenic plants were 2.79 and 1.87 times higher than that of control peanut, respectively. These results showed that AhACO1 and AhACO2 could significantly improve the salt stress tolerance of transgenic peanut.
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Salt Tolerance/genetics , Arachis/genetics , Plant Breeding , Ethylenes/metabolism , Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Plant Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with voltage-gated potassium channel complex (VGKCc) antibody associated clinical syndromes complicated with myasthenia gravis (MG) with thymoma.Methods:The clinical history, examinations and follow-up prognosis of 2 cases of VGKCc antibodies associated clinical syndromes with MG complicated with thymoma in Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine,Shandong University in September 2020 and December 2020 were reviewed. Related literatures were summarized at the same time.Results:Case 1, a 64-year-old female clinically presented with cognitive impairment, psychosis, and epilepsy seizures, whose serum autoimmune antibody testing showed positive leucine-rich glioma-inhibited 1 (LGI1) antibody, was diagnosed as anti-LGI1 encephalitis,and had history of MG with thymoma. Her symptoms were improved by immunotherapy. Case 2, a 67-year-old male, was diagnosed as MG, and developed cognitive impairment, myokymia and autonomic dysfunction later. His serum autoimmune antibody testing showed positive contactin associated protein-like 2 antibody. Therefore, Morvan syndrome complicated with MG with thymoma was definitely diagnosed. After admission, the patient was improved with immunotherapy and thymoma resection.Conclusions:Patients with VGKCc antibody-associated clinical syndromes complicated with MG have the clinical characteristics of the two diseases simultaneously, and there is also crossover. Immunotherapy and treatment for thymoma are generally effective.
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Objective:To determine the molecular characteristics of Streptococcus suis type 2 (SS2) in Zhejiang Province. Methods:Twenty-nine SS2 sporadic human isolates in Zhejiang Province from Januery 2005 to July 2021 were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and minimum core genome (MCG) sequence typing.Results:Among 29 strains, 10 PFGE patterns and three main clusters were obtained by PFGE. Twenty-one (72.41%) of the strains were divided into two main branch groups and the remaining eight (27.59%) showed genetic diversity with the similarity ranging from 49.7% to 94.7%. Three sequence types were obtained from 29 strains by MLST, including ST7 (86.21%(25/29)), ST1 (10.34%(3/29)) and ST25 (3.45%(1/29)). In addition, three genotypes were obtained from 29 strains by MCG, including genotype E (41.38%(12/29)), genotype group 1 (55.17%(16/29)) and genotype group 4 (3.45%(1/29)).Conclusions:Two large clonal groups of highly pathogenic strains of SS2 have been prevalent in Zhejiang Province. A few strains display genetic diversity, indicating genetic variation may exist during transmission.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of limited pars plana vitrectomy(LPPV), pressure-controlled phacoemulsification(PCP), intraocular lens implantation(IOL), and posterior capsulotomy (PC) in treatment of nanophthalmic glaucoma eyes which intraocular pressure(IOP) were still out of control after peripheral iridectomy.Methods:All 24 patients(29 eyes) with nanophthalmic glaucoma whose IOP failed to be reduced after peripheral iridectomy and needed LPPV plus PCP plus IOL plus PC were recruited from July 2017 to April 2021. The age of these patients was(44.6±11.0) years old. Preoperative and postoperative IOP, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), anterior chamber depth(ACD) and number of glaucoma medications were recorded by chart review and compared by using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test. P<0.05 was considered as statistical significant. IOP could be controlled in normal range(≥5 mmHg and≤21 mmHg), without both of disease progression and serious complications were regarded as the success criteria of the operation. Surgical success rate was evaluated. Surgery-associated complications were recorded. Results:The average follow-up time was(11.52±12.44) months. After the microsurgery, IOP decreased from(33.12±9.25) mmHg to(14.23±3.44) mmHg( P<0.01); The ACD increased from(1.23±0.46) mm to(2.86±0.62) mm, and the median number of glaucoma medications dropped from 3(3,4) to 3(0,3) at final follow-up visit( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in BCVA( P=0.196) and the degrees of angle closure(AC) ( P=0.478) before and after operation. The total surgical success rate was 86.2%(25/29) at the final follow-up visit. Two eyes suffered from local choroidal detachment which recovered within 2 weeks with medical treatment. Conclusion:LPPV plus PCP plus IOL plus PC is a safe and effective novel surgical procedure in the treatment of nanophthalmic glaucoma patients with uncontrolled IOP after peripheral iridectomy. It could significantly decrease IOP, increase the depth of ACD, reduce the number of glaucoma medications and maintain BCVA. It can be considered as a first choice for the surgical management for patients with a such condition.
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@#Objective To evaluate the short- and mid-term outcomes of sequential anastomosis and simple anastomosis of saphenous vein in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods The clinical data of 438 patients who underwent sequential anastomosis of saphenous vein and 165 patients who underwent simple anastomosis of saphenous vein from 2015 to 2018 in Daxing Teaching Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. After propensity score matching, 130 pairs of patients were included in the sequential anastomosis group [78 males and 52 females, aged 60 (52, 68) years] and simple anastomosis group [80 males and 50 females, aged 61 (52, 70) years]. The short- and mid-term clinical outcomes were compared. Results The two propensity score-matched groups had similar baseline clinical data. No significant difference was found between sequential anastomosis and simple anastomosis groups in the in-hospital outcomes, including in-hospital death (1.5% vs. 1.5%, P=1.000), the incidence of complications (4.6% vs. 6.2%, P>0.05), and the mean flow of grafts (30.0±11.8 mL/min vs. 28.0±9.5 mL/min, P=0.597). The operation time of the sequential anastomosis group was shorter than that of the simple anastomosis group (142.5±21.2 min vs. 186.3±27.6 min, P<0.001). The drainage of the sequential anastomosis group was less than that of the simple anastomosis group (204.7±39.6 mL vs. 271.3±48.3 mL, P<0.001). The follow-up time was 12-60 (28.3±8.9) months, during which the mortality of the two groups was not statistically different (3.2% vs. 4.0%, P=0.796). Conclusion The saphenous vein sequential anastomosis of saphenous vein is superior to the simple anastomosis. Sequential anastomosis technique can reduce aortic anastomosis, shorten operation time, and reduce bleeding drainage during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. The short- and mid- term clinical effects are satisfactory.
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Objective@#To explore the association between urinary metals and lung function among college students, and to provide a theoretical basis for related research on metal exposure and lung function injury.@*Methods@#A total of 45 healthy college students were recruited from North China University of Science and Technology in Caofeidian between 2017-2018. During the four seasons, information was obtained from questionnaires and physical examinations, lung function parameters were assessed, including FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC and FEF 25-75 , and morning urine samples were collected simultaneously. The urinary levels of 15 metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS); a Kruskal Wallis H test was used to compare differences in urinary metals during the four seasons; and a mixed effect model was used to assess correlations between urinary metals and lung function.@*Results@#There were significant differences in the levels of urinary chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, antimony and lead from 15 metals over the four seasons ( H =9.79- 20.61 , P <0.05). The differences observed in five lung function parameters over the four seasons were statistically significant ( F =61.72, 45.30, 47.61, 25.47, 35.13, P <0.05). The linear mixed effect model analysis showed that urinary concentrations of vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and antimony were negatively correlated with FEV1( B =0.202, 0.192, 0.181, 0.154, 0.131 , 0.283); urinary concentrations of aluminum, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, cadmium, and antimony were negatively correlated with FVC ( B =0.252, 0.290, 0.292, 0.271, 0.201, 0.180, 0.171, 0.163, 0.381); urinary concentrations of manganese and antimony were negatively correlated with PEF ( B =0.291, 0.354)( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The increase of multiple metal concentrations among college students was related to lung function decline, the long term metal exposure might lead to lung function damage. So environmental metal pollution should be controlled.
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Nucleic acid drugs are highly applicable for cancer immunotherapy with promising therapeutic effects, while targeting delivery of these drugs to disease lesions remains challenging. Cationic polymeric nanoparticles have paved the way for efficient delivery of nucleic acid drugs, and achieved stimuli-responsive disassembly in tumor microenvironment (TME). However, TME is highly heterogeneous between individuals, and most nanocarriers lack active-control over the release of loaded nucleic acid drugs, which will definitely reduce the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we have developed a light-controllable charge-reversal nanoparticle (LCCN) with controlled release of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)] to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) by enhanced photodynamic immunotherapy. The nanoparticles keep suitably positive charge for stable loading of Poly(I:C), while rapidly reverse to negative charge after near-infrared light irradiation to release Poly(I:C). LCCN-Poly(I:C) nanoparticles trigger effective phototoxicity and immunogenic cell death on 4T1 tumor cells, elevate antitumor immune responses and inhibit the growth of primary and abscopal 4T1 tumors in mice. The approach provides a promising strategy for controlled release of various nucleic acid-based immune modulators, which may enhance the efficacy of photodynamic immunotherapy against TNBC.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical value of ultrasound detection of uterine arcuate artery and umbilical artery blood flow parameters measured by ultrasound imaging during the second trimester of pregnancy in the diagnosis of placenta previa with accreta.Methods:Eighty patients with placenta previa with accreta who received regular prenatal examination and terminated pregnancy from May 2017 to May 2019 in Zhuji People's Hospital and 80 healthy pregnant women were included in this study. Uterine arcuate artery and umbilical artery blood flow parameters pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), peak systolic velocity (PSV), umbilical artery blood flow PI and RI, ratio of peak systolic to diastolic flow velocity (S/D) were measured by color Doppler ultrasound. Uterine arcuate artery and umbilical artery blood flow parameters were correlated with the occurrence of placenta previa with accreta.Results:Uterine arcuate artery PI and RI in patients with placenta previa with accreta were (0.45 ± 0.12) and (0.38 ± 0.08), which were significantly lower than (0.59 ± 0.17) and (0.46 ± 0.11) in healthy pregnant women. In patients with placenta previa with accreta, uterine arcuate artery PVS and umbilical artery blood flow parameters PI, RI, and S/D were (45.13 ± 4.62), (1.16 ± 0.27), (0.73 ± 0.22) and (3.32 ± 0.31), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in healthy pregnant women [(34.27 ± 3.82), (0.79 ± 0.21), (0.52 ± 0.13) and (2.71 ± 0.24), t = 3.057-9.241, all P < 0.01]. The proportion of placenta previa with previa patients exhibiting abundant and chaotic blood flow signals was significantly higher than that in healthy pregnant women [91.25% (73/80) vs. 86.25% (69/80), χ2 = 96.341, P < 0.01]. Uterine arcuate artery blood flow parameters PI and RI were negatively correlated with the occurrence of placenta previa with previa ( r = - 0.742, - 0.716, both P < 0.05). Uterine arcuate artery blood parameter PVS and umbilical artery blood flow parameters PI, RI and S/D were positively correlated with the occurrence of placenta previa with previa ( r = 0.759-0.885, all P < 0.01). Conclusion:Ultrasound detection of uterine arcuate artery and umbilical artery blood flow parameters and monitoring blood flow changes in pregnant women have a great value in the diagnosis of placenta previa with accreta, which needs more attention in the gynecological clinic.
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by glycemia and insulin disorders. Bile acids (BAs) have emerged as vital signaling molecules in glucose metabolic regulation. BA change in GDM is still unclear, which exerts great significance to illustrate the change of BAs in GDM. GDM patients and normal pregnant women were enrolled during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) screening period. Fasting serums were sampled for the measurement of BAs. BA metabolism profiles were analyzed in both pregnant women with GDM and those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Delivery characteristics, delivery gestational age, and infant birthweight were extracted from medical records. GDM patients presented distinctive features compared with NGT patients, including higher body mass index (BMI), elevated serum glucose concentration, raised insulin (both fasting and OGTT), and increased hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and decreased β-cell compensation (i.e., oral disposition index (DI
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@#Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) insertion in patients with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) surgery. Methods The clinical data of 130 patients who underwent OPCABG with IABP from 2015 to 2019 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups, including a group A (preoperative IABP insertion, n=72) and a group B (emergent IABP insertion, n=58). There were 42 males and 30 females in the group A with an average age of 60-72 (65.0±5.2) years. There were 32 males and 26 females in the group B with an average age of 56-73 (62.3±7.6) years. The in-hospital mortality rate and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results The in-hospital mortality rate in the group A (4.2%) was significantly lower than that in the group B (12.1%, P=0.002). The IABP time (40.8±10.3 min vs. 65.3±15.6 min), mechanical ventilation time (18.7±6.1 min vs. 48.7±10.5 min) and ICU stay time (48.1±7.8 min vs. 90.2±21.3 min) of the group A were shorter than those of the group B (P<0.05). The number of bypass grafts was not significantly different between the two groups (3.6±1.2 vs. 3.8±1.0, P=0.387). Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality included age [OR=1.04, 95%CI (1.01, 1.10), P=0.030], female [OR=2.56, 95%CI (1.53, 6.12), P=0.000] and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [OR=1.05, 95%CI (1.01, 1.13), P=0.030]. Preoperative IABP support was the protective factor [OR=0.17, 95%CI (0.01, 0.78), P=0.005]. Conclusion Patients undergoing OPCABG with preoperative IABP insertion may reduce in-hospital mortality rate and improve outcomes.
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Objective@#To describe bullying victimization of middle school students in Dalian and associated factors, so as to provide scientific basis for campus bullying prevention.@*Methods@#The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2 540 middle school students from urban and rural areas in Dalian, who were investigated with campus bullying victimization and related factors.@*Results@#The reported rate of campus bullying victimization among middle school students in Dalian was 25.11%. The rates of physical violence (5.99%, 3.66%) and verbal violence(24.93%, 15.87%) of male students were higher than that of female students( χ 2=6.56, 27.94, P <0.05). The rates of verbal violence (22.84%, 16.25%) and emotional neglect(16.84%, 13.18%) of junior high school students were higher than those of high school students( χ 2=14.21, 5.44, P < 0.05 ). The rates of physical violence(6.07%, 3.55%), verbal violence(24.58%, 16.05%) and emotional neglect(18.88%, 12.06 %) of rural students were higher than those of urban students( χ 2=7.72, 24.81, 19.64, P <0.05). Male students, junior high school students and rural students suffered more severe campus bullying than female students, high school students and urban students( Z =3.46, 3.75, 5.89, P <0.01). The structural equation model showed that academic performance (path coefficient -0.003) and father s education (path coefficient -0.004 ) have a direct negative effect on campus bullying behavior, while mother s education (indirect action coefficient -0.000 8), height(indirect action coefficient -0.000 3), father s education (indirect action coefficient -0.000 3) and weight (indirect action coefficient 0.000 2) indirect effects on campus bullying through academic performance.@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of campus bullying victimization among middle school students in Dalian is relatively high, which worths further attention to. Rural students, junior high school students and boys are more likely to suffer campus bullying. Improving academic performance might be beneficial for campus bullying prevention.
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Objective:To observe the clinical value of hysteroscopy combined with transvaginal ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of different causes of abnormal uterine bleeding(AUB).Methods:From September 2017 to September 2019, 260 patients with AUB who were treated in Zhuji People's Hospital were selected in the study.All patients had histopathological examination results, which was the gold standard.At the same time, hysteroscopy, transvaginal ultrasound and the combined detection were performed.The diagnostic value of each test method for different etiology of AUB was compared.Results:The coincidence rate of hysteroscopy combined with transvaginal ultrasound(96.54%) in the overall identification of AUB of different causes was significantly higher than that of hysteroscopy (84.6%) and transvaginal ultrasound (70.77%) (χ 2=21.653, 63.131; P=0.000, 0.000); while the missed detection rate and misdiagnosis rate (2.69%, 0.77%) were significantly lower than those of hysteroscopy (10.38%, 5.00%) and transvaginal ultrasound (19.32%, 10.00%) (χ 2=12.588, 8.306, 36.432, 21.742; P=0.000, 0.004, 0.000, 0.000). The diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of combined detection for organic AUB (97.00%, 96.54%) were significantly higher than those of hysteroscopy (88.41%, 87.31%) and transvaginal ultrasound alone (78.54%, 76.54%), and the diagnostic specificity of combined detection for organic AUB (92.59%) was significantly higher than that of transvaginal ultrasound (59.26%), the differences were statistically significant(χ 2=12.691, 14.919, 36.959, 44.637, 8.206; P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.004). Conclusion:Hysteroscopy combined with transvaginal ultrasound can improve the efficiency of differential diagnosis of AUB.
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Objective:To explore the clinical value of echocardiography in right ventricle(RV) function after revascularization in patients with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) and the risk factor of RV dysfunction.Methods:From May 2017 to May 2019, 142 cases of acute anterior STEMI without RV myocardial infarction hospitalized in the People's Hospital of Zhuji were enrolled.All patients were successfully treated with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) to treat infarction-related artery.According to the echocardiogram after operation, they were divided into normal RV function group and dysfunction group.The baseline data and echocardiographic parameters were compared between the two groups.The risk factors of RV dysfunction after emergency PCI in patients with acute anterior STEMI without RV myocardial infarction were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results:There were 82 cases in normal RV function group and 60 cases in the RV dysfunction group.There were statistically significant differences in gender composition, left circumflex branch(LCX) lesions, and TIMI blood flow after PCI(χ 2=4.56, 27.47, 4.90, all P<0.05). The left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD), and overall wall motion score index(WMSI) in the normal RV function group were (33.5±3.6)mm, (50.6±2.5)mm and(1.86±0.23), respectively, which in the RV dysfunction group were (36.6±5.3)mm, (51.7±4.0)mm, (2.07±0.10), respectively, the differences were statistically significant( t=4.15, 2.01, 6.61, all P<0.05). The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) in the normal RV function group was higher than that in the RV dysfunction group( t=2.27, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that LCX mid-distal lesions, low TIMI blood flow, increased LVEDD and decreased LVEF were independent risk factors of RV dysfunction after emergency PCI in acute anterior STEMI without RV myocardial infarction. Conclusion:Echocardiography is helpful in evaluating RV function.Middle and distal LCX lesions, low TIMI flow, increased LVEDD and decreased LVEF are prone to RV dysfunction.
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@#AIM: To explore whether there is an inflammatory response in the contralateral eye after cataract surgery in the first eye, and try to explore the development of the inflammatory response.<p>METHODS: In this paired-sample study, aqueous humor samples from 37 bilateral age-related cataract patients were collected just before each cataract surgery. Samples collected during the first-eye cataract surgery were marked as Group A, samples collected during the second-eye cataract surgery were marked as Group B. In addition, the samples were classified into five groups according to different operation intervals between the first and the second cataract surgery. Finally the concentration of 13 selected cytokines(including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, CCL2/MCP-1, IL-6 Rα, IL-1 ra, MIP-1α, MIP-1d, CCL4, IL-2, CXCL9, TIMP-1, CCL11)in aqueous humor samples was detected by Luminex-200(RnD)simultaneously in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.<p>RESULTS: Among the 13 selected cytokines, there was statistically difference between the first and the second eyes in concentration of IL-6, MIP-1α, CCL2/MCP-1, TNF-α, MIP-1d, IL-2 and TIMP-1(<i>P</i><0.05), and the expression levels of all these seven cytokines in the second eyes were higher than those in the first eyes, and the concentration of IL-6 and MIP-1α in the second eyes was significantly higher than that in the first eyes(<i>P</i><0.001). Compared with the first eyes, the concentration of CCL4, CCL11, IL-6Rα, CXCL9, and IL-1ra in the second eyes only showed slightly increase, while IL-8 showed a slight decrease, all with no statistically difference(all <i>P</i>>0.05). The concentration differences of IL-6, MCP-1/CCL2, IL-2, MIP-1d between the first eyes and the second eyes were most obvious at the third week after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation(PHACO+IOL)in the first eye.<p>CONCLUSION: This study revealed that there may be an inflammatory response in the contralateral eye after cataract surgery in the first eye, and the inflammatory response in the second eye appears to be most significant at the third week after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation(PHACO+IOL)in the first eye.
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Objective:To explore the clinical value of 99Tc m-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) SPECT/CT imaging in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children. Methods:From June 2018 to October 2019, the imaging characteristics of 99Tc m-MDP SPECT/CT imaging in 13 children (8 males, 5 females; age: 1-11 (4.2±2.8) years) with LCH confirmed by pathology and immunohistochemistry in Wuhan Children′s Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The location, number, imaging manifestations, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) of the lesions were evaluated. Results:There were 18 lesions (8 in the vertebral body, 3 in the femur, 3 in the skull, 2 in the rib, 1 in the shoulder blade, 1 in the sciatic and pubic bone) in 13 children, including 9 with single lesion and 4 with multiple lesions. Of 18 lesions, 17 showed different degrees of osteolytic bone destruction, 15 presented as soft tissue masses, and 3 showed marginal sclerosis on CT imaging. All lesions showed increased 99Tc m -MDP uptake (SUV max: 1.22-15.57 (8.67±3.19)). Conclusion:99Tc m-MDP SPECT/CT has the advantage of combining functional and morphological imaging, and is helpful in the early diagnosis, clinical classification and evaluation of curative effect of children′s LCH, which provides objective basis for clinical practice.
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Objective@#To quantitatively measure biological parameters of nanophthalmos and analyze the correlation between axial length (AL) and the other biological parameters.@*Methods@#The clinical data of 71 eyes of 43 patients identified with nanophthalmos (AL≤20 mm) from September 2012 to August 2018 in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center were retrospectively analyzed.All enrolled patients underwent ophthalmological examinations including best-corrected visual acuity, refraction, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination, Goldmann applanation tonometry, A-scan ultrasound examinations, ultrasound biomicroscopy, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and nonmydriatic fundus photography.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between AL and all biological parameters.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (NO.2017KYPJ092). All patients signed informed consent.@*Results@#Of the 43 patients, the average age was (46.00±12.75) years, the mean intraocular pressure was (24.97±14.87)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The mean best corrected visual acuity was 1.14±0.79, the mean refraction was (11.61±4.09)D.The mean AL, central corneal thickness (CCT), central anterior chamber depth(ACD), anterior chamber width (ACW), len thickness(LT) and vitreous cavity length(VCL) was (17.13±1.57)mm, (550±60)μm, (1.64±0.37)mm, (11.17±0.61)mm, (5.01±0.51)mm and (10.10±1.80)mm, respectively.The average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (mRNFLT), macular foveal retinal thickness (FRT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was (98.51±40.93), (294.46±116.83) and (488.72±133.06)μm, respectively.The ratio of ACD to AL, LT to AL, and VCL to AL was 9.6%, 29.4% and 59.3%, respectively.The ACW and VCL were positively correlated with AL(r=0.432, 0.978; both at P<0.001); whereas, LT and FRT were negatively correlated with AL(r=-0.272, P=0.027; r=-0.679, P<0.001). There was no correlation between CCT, central ACD, mRNFLT, SFCT and AL (r=0.153, -0.053, -0.322, 0.063; all at P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Nanophthalmos has the characteristics of narrow anterior and posterior segment structure.The ratio of LT to AL is increased and the ratio of VCL to AL is decreased.The AL is positively correlated with ACW and VCL, negatively correlated with LT and FRT.
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Objective To quantitatively measure biological parameters of nanophthalmos and analyze the correlation between axial length ( AL) and the other biological parameters. Methods The clinical data of 71 eyes of 43 patients identified with nanophthalmos ( AL≤20 mm ) from September 2012 to August 2018 in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center were retrospectively analyzed. All enrolled patients underwent ophthalmological examinations including best-corrected visual acuity,refraction,slit-lamp biomicroscopy,fundus examination,Goldmann applanation tonometry,A-scan ultrasound examinations, ultrasound biomicroscopy, spectral domain optical coherence tomography ( SD-OCT) and nonmydriatic fundus photography. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between AL and all biological parameters. This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (NO. 2017KYPJ092). All patients signed informed consent. Results Of the 43 patients,the average age was (46. 00±12. 75) years,the mean intraocular pressure was (24. 97± 14. 87)mmHg (1 mmHg=0. 133 kPa). The mean best corrected visual acuity was 1. 14±0. 79,the mean refraction was (11.61±4.09)D. The mean AL,central corneal thickness (CCT),central anterior chamber depth(ACD), anterior chamber width (ACW),len thickness(LT) and vitreous cavity length(VCL) was (17. 13±1. 57)mm,(550± 60)μm,(1. 64±0. 37)mm,(11. 17±0. 61)mm,(5. 01±0. 51)mm and (10. 10±1. 80)mm,respectively. The average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness ( mRNFLT ) , macular foveal retinal thickness ( FRT ) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was (98. 51±40. 93),(294. 46±116. 83) and (488. 72±133. 06)μm,respectively. The ratio of ACD to AL, LT to AL, and VCL to AL was 9. 6％, 29. 4％ and 59. 3％, respectively. The ACW and VCL were positively correlated with AL(r=0. 432,0. 978;both at P<0. 001);whereas,LT and FRT were negatively correlated with AL(r=-0. 272,P=0. 027;r=-0. 679,P<0. 001). There was no correlation between CCT,central ACD, mRNFLT,SFCT and AL (r=0. 153,-0. 053,-0. 322,0. 063;all at P>0. 05). Conclusions Nanophthalmos has the characteristics of narrow anterior and posterior segment structure. The ratio of LT to AL is increased and the ratio of VCL to AL is decreased. The AL is positively correlated with ACW and VCL,negatively correlated with LT and FRT.
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The present study was designed to examine the therapeutic effects of Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) on depression-like behaviors in mice and to explore the potential mechanisms. These results revealed that a single facial injection of BoNT/A induced a rapid and prolonged improvement of depression-like behaviors in naïve and space-restriction-stressed (SRS) mice, reflected by a decreased duration of immobility in behavioral despair tests. BoNT/A significantly increased the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in several brain regions, including the hippocampus and hypothalamus, in SRS mice. BoNT/A increased the expression of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits NR1 and NR2B in the hippocampus, which were significantly decreased in SRS mice. Furthermore, BoNT/A significantly increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala, which were decreased in SRS mice. Finally, BoNT/A transiently increased the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and cAMP-response element binding protein (p-CREB), which were suppressed in the hippocampus of SRS mice. Collectively, these results demonstrated that BoNT/A treatment has anti-depressant-like activity in mice, and this is associated with increased 5-HT levels and the activation of BDNF/ERK/CREB pathways in the hippocampus, supporting further investigation of BoNT/A therapy in depression.
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In the original publication, Figure 4G was incorrectly published. The correct version of Figure 4G is presented in this correction. This correction does not affect the conclusions of the paper.
ABSTRACT
Aim of present study is to observe and analyze the clinical efficacy of the external application of Ji De Sheng She Yao in the treatment of inflammatory breast mass during lactation and to investigate the postoperative recovery condition after minimally invasive surgery. A total of 160 patients who had been treated at our hospital for inflammatory breast mass during lactation from January 2016 to August 2018 were enrolled as research objects. They were randomized into research group and control group, with 80 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with intravenous administration of cefmetazole as well as traditional excision; while external application of Ji De Sheng She Yao and minimally invasive surgery were applied to patients in the research group. The therapeutic efficacy was compared between both groups. The total therapeutic efficacy of the research group was significantly higher than that of the control group [p<0.05]. By comparing the surgical indexes of both groups, the operation time, the volume of intraoperative bleeding, size of incision and healing of incision of the research group were significantly better than those of the control group [p<0.05]. Moreover, the research group had better advantages over the control group regarding the time of clinical improvement, complication rate and the satisfaction of cosmetic effects [p<0.05]. External application of Ji De Sheng She Yao has therapeutic advantages in the treatment for inflammatory breast mass during lactation, and minimally invasive surgery can significantly improve the therapeutic effects and thus promote recovery